When visiting Egypt, one of the most important sites to see while exploring the Egyptian history is the Citadel, which is Salaheddine’s fortress. Salaheddine built the Citadel on high hill in Cairo and for the next 700 years, Cairo was ruled from that location for the significant military benefits its location offers.

 

The Citadel remains today on that same hill overlooking Cairo. However, it is not as it was originally built by Salaheddine. In the 1330s, the Mamluk Al Nasir Muhammad tore down most of the buildings built by Salaheddine and built his own palaces and mosques. Later in the 1800s, the Ottoman Mohammad Ali completely rebuilt the fortress and only fragments of the original walls and the well (Bir Yusuf) were left.

 

The most noticeable mosque in the Citadel, and in Cairo, is the mosque of Muhammad Ali which dominates Cairo’s skyline until today. Its historical and architectural value makes it a must-see for tourists. Its transparent marble walls and the original carpet on the floors represent the Turkish art. The Mosque also houses the tomb of Muhammad Ali. Another mosque in the Citadel is the mosque of Al Nasir Muhammad, which, with its stunning marble pillars, floors, and mosaic designs that remained from the Ancient Egyptian era and the Roman era and were used to create this beautiful mosque making it another must-see.

 

There are several very interesting museums in the Citadel which you would not want to miss. The Military Museum contains armors, shields, and weapons used by the military during the Islamic era in Egypt.

 

The Police Museum houses many photographs and statues that display the police force and its accomplishments including the biggest Egyptian serial murder case of Rayya and Skina, two sisters who murdered several victims, robbed them, and then buried them under their house. It was a huge case in the history of Egyptian police and its very interesting facts are displayed in the museum.

 

You can also enjoy the great wax museum that displays wax statues of some important figures and of the ways of life of the Egyptians during each of the eras. The last and newest museum is the Park of Antiquities which is an open-air museum displaying1 remains from the Islamic era representing the history and arts of the Muslims in Egypt.

One very interesting part of the Citadel is its well, Bir Yusuf. It was the well designed to supply the whole Citadel with water, and is considered a masterpiece of architectural design.

 

While you’re in Cairo, ask about any events taking place in the Citadel. Concerts that are held in the Citadel provide a beautiful and unique musical experience.

 

As you can conclude, you should dedicate a day to explore the Citadel of Cairo if you are intending a comprehensive visit. Choose a breezy day and try to visit in the morning when the weather is best. There is an insignificant entrance fee of 20 Egyptian pounds which is well worth paying to see this beautiful fortress and the richness it holds.

 

© 2009 Yasmine Sheaito